Patriarchy And The Challenge Of Feminism Essay - 894 Words

Judith Bennett is a Medievalist Historian who has focused much of her research on English/European women and feminist history (1-2). In her book History Matters: Patriarchy and the Challenge of Feminism, she argues that feminism and history, specifically women’s, need to be more closely linked. This link, she argues, comes from taking theories and methods from one field and applying them to the other in order to create a more indepth analysis of both. Bennett states in her introduction that this text â€Å"...builds steadily from problem to solution to elaboration,† and though this statement holds, due to the brevity of this book, many aspects of this text are not well defined, explored, or analyzed (4-5). Throughout this text, Bennett uses feminist language, and indeed the word ‘feminism’ without properly defining the term. It is true that this book is aimed at an audience that is likely to known these terms. Yet, by not giving a definition Bennett opens the floor for radically different interpretations based upon where the reader’s definition falls on the spectrum, from hating men and wanting female superiority to wanting equality and justice for all regardless of sex, that defines the various ‘schools’ of feminism. Despite this lack of clarity, many of the arguments that Bennett makes are still valid. Specifically, Bennett notes that the language of feminist and women’s history has changed from the biting and often uncomfortable rhetoric of 1970s feminism to more neutralShow MoreRelatedThe Roots Of Feminism : The Fight For Equality1304 Words   |  6 PagesFeminism at its roots was a challenge to patriarchal standards and the exclusion of wom en from the workplace. Women since the early 1850s have been fighting for equality whether it be for respect or representation in politics, women wanted the same rights as men. 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To maintain dominance, men exude theirRead MoreOur topic was on the social and social psychological dynamics of sexuality and gender in the800 Words   |  4 Pagesoppressions, control and violence. Patriarchy literally means rule of the father in a male-dominated family. It is a social and ideological construct which considers men superior to women. Patriarchy is based on a system of power relations which are unequal where men control women’s production, reproduction and sexuality. It imposes masculinity and femininity character stereotypes in society which strengthen the bas power relations between men and women. Patriarchy within a particular class also differsRead MoreHow Has Feminism Developed? America, And How Have These Developments Changed Its Public Perception? Essay1239 Words   |  5 PagesQuinn Casey Final Research Paper INTRO How has feminism developed in America, and how have these developments changed its public perception? 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In Sophocles’s Antigone, the main character (Antigone) acts as a protofeminist by defying the authority of a patriarchal society and taking action according to what she believes is right in her heart. She even

Critical Appraisal of Strengths and Weaknesses of...

Critical appraisal of strengths and weaknesses of Boyatzis’s intentional change theory Increasing someone’s knowledge is different from getting them to make lasting changes in their on the job behaviors and it requires a different model of learning which is what Boyatzis’s theory offers [1] Boyatzis’s model contends that we are more likely to achieve sustainable change when we actively seek to make five discoveries: 1. Our ideal self: the person and leader we truly want to be 2. Our real self: our current nature and how this compares to our ideal self 3. Our personal learning agenda: the things we need to change and do to close the gap 4. Opportunities for experimenting with and practicing new behaviors 5. Those who can†¦show more content†¦The fact that this theory focuses on the strengths and provides a methodology to identify the gaps that could exist between the real self and the ideal self is itself a big motivator to continue the journey of self-discovery to the person we could potentially be in order to achieve the â€Å"ideal† us. However, Boyatzis’s theory has a few disadvantages: firstly, it assumes that an individual knows how to make the transition from â€Å"My real self† to â€Å"My ideal self†. It does not contemplate how to get there, but if we use SAKE (Skills, Attitudes, Knowledge, Experience) to represent our â€Å"real self† this will provide us with a clearer idea and a mechanism to identify the gaps in between and an action to achieve the ideal-self, it provides the tool to understand who do we already are, what is missing and what action plan needs to be implemented to fill those gaps. According to Neck and Manz, Self-leadership is defined as â€Å"the process of influencing oneself to establish the self-direction and self-motivation needed to perform† [3] Boyatzis’s theory can be strengthen by Neck and Manz’s in the way that: the two main elements of this theory are Self-talk and mental imagery. Self-talk is what we covertly tell ourselves, it suggests the potential of self-talk as a self-influencing tool for improving personal effectiveness [3] Boyatzis’s model

Business Communication International Business Machines

Question: Describe about the Business Communication for International Business Machines. Answer: Part A: Academic referencing Skills Article 1 Todays Curricula in Business Communication: Revisiting 50 top Undergraduate Business Schools Authors Sharp and Brumberger (2013), have scrutinized the offerings related to the course of business communication of the top 50 undergraduate business schools as ranked in the 2011 edition of the Bloomberg Businessweek. The authors have mainly focused on the requirements of the communication course along with different programs and sequences associated with it. Identifying the areas receiving the most coverage is the primary goal of this study. In this article the authors have put the spotlight on the changes being made in the curricula from the first study as depicted by Knight in this field. This article also refers to the study and research work conducted by other authors like Wardrope and Bayless. As per Macnamara (2013), previous studies do not take into account the differences between the general requirements to that of the business-specific requirements which limits the option of comparison. As per the data analysis, results showed that the main focus o the business schools are on enhancing team work. Researchers and authors are now more into things like visual communication, ethics, and intercultural communication as portrayed in the course descriptions (Eisenberg et al. 2013). Business communication is becoming a hot topic in the academic section where improvements is necessary in the study and development programs related to the course. The limitation of this article is that it is only limited to 50 B-schools where there are many which has not been considered for the study (Collis and Hussey 2013). Moreover, this article is based on the report of Bloombergs and it lacks proper investigation in the course content factor. Article 2 Assessing Business Communications Simulation Impact on Students Self-Perception Russ and Drury-Grogan (2013), conducted this study to focus on recognizing the students participation impact in a business communication simulation (BCS) on the perception of the behaviour portrayed by them in the business communication transversely through 5 categories: a) construction of message, b) delivery of message, c) critical analysis d) collaboration and last but not the least e) participation. Kolbs experimental learning theory is being put into use in this article for the use of simulation as an experience in learning. Simulation has been defined as a chronological decision making effect constructed around a business operation model (Mets, Ojea. and Develder 2014.). In this study of Russ and Drury-Grogan, mirrors and windows theory is taken into consideration for developing BCS. The challenges faced by employees in the 21st century are reflected through simulation (Wilson et al. 2015). An executive teams one day experience at a Fortune 500 company is being simulated through BCS. Feedbacks on each of the following module should be received by students through: A) Negotiation in business, B) Analysis of Stakeholders, C) Press Interview, D) Social media management. There is a major difference in the pre scores of students to that of their post scores. Higher post scores have been reported by students in categories like message delivery, critical analysis and message construction (Komatsu, Ohsawa and Shimizu 2014). Findings of this article disclose the fact that a students participation in simulation has a positive impact on the estimation of students of business communication competencies. Article 3 Are links relevant between business and theatre? A conceptual paper and a case study Lesavres (2012) purpose of study is to find certain links between the business management and the theatre. Training managers through theatre techniques and change managements tool of corporate theatre are two affairs that have been improved by business and theatre. Detailed methods of pedagogical will take in the managers professional training, helping them to develop their creativity, imagination and expressions (Bevan, and Kipka 2012). To maintain memory, gestures are essentials; therefore the body and word can be harmonized through proven theatre exercises, proving helpful to speakers. Another way how theatre can be made relevant to business is through corporate theatre. The corporate theatre involves the process of analyzing a company by the theatre professionals in diagnosing an exact problem. Managers are in the habit of performing finally in front of the professionals who assists them in recognizing and solving the problem (Martins, Rindova and Greenbaum 2015). A positive change in the organization may happen through the hands of the professionals. As a part of this study, theatre has been educated in the Grenoble Graduate School of Business for 10 years under the strict eyes of the author. Managers reaction has been collected along with the training programs to display the importance of theatre techniques. As per Land (2016), approximately 88% of managers do indulge themselves in training with around 83% of them finding the trainings to be relevant. For long term inference of the course further research is suggested. Part B: Reflective Writing: Scenario 1 Describe: During my days of education in the university, I met someone who was more interested in saying negative things about others and was keen on gossiping about anyone and everyone. Everybody came to know about him, even he realised that people do not like his company and this habit of his was tarnishing his image in the university. Interpret: Everybody knew what this person was capable of and what he was up to. People realized that the person with whom he would share his gossips today will be his target tomorrow. He would even say negative things about the persons whom he hardly knew. There was no personal enmity between him and the persons he gossiped about. On finding fault in others gave him immense pleasure. He was soon becoming peoples nightmare and people started distancing themselves from him. During the initial stages there were misunderstanding and confusion because of him. But when people came to know about the truth, his interactions became limited with those who too found happiness in talking negativity about others. Evaluate: Gossip should never be entertained. It is that sort of communication which will only bring in negativity. The persons who indulge themselves in gossip are not mentally sound and are very insecure. He generally targets the weak and the small, and if people do share any personal information with the gossiper, that would sooner change into a public information. Plan: Such experience has helped me immensely in understanding what is required for a proper communication. I do not indulge into gossips, neither do I encourage them. Scenario 2: Describe: It has happened many times during my education days in the university that I have not been able to understand a topic and have clarified it from the professors personally. During one such clarification I had to face a major problem as the professor was not able to make me understand in the way I would have liked him to as his English was not that good, though he had good knowledge on the subject matter. I had doubts to clarify, it was essential too as clearing out those doubts would haves served me with good marks. Interpret: His English was weak, he was having difficulty in understanding my point of view, but his attitude was such that it was my fault not to understand whatever he was trying to say. He became agitated and irritated on being asked to clear out my doubts. This behaviour of his jeopardized our relationship and the conversation was not productive. Evaluate: Teachers and professors need to be student friendly; language can never be a barrier between a student and a teacher. I would have understood his broken English but what I could not take is his negative facial expressions he was putting up while I was stating my doubts. He failed to create an environment for me, where I could have understood better. However, another fact is that students should clear off their doubts in class itself and not disturb professors in their cabins as they might be engaged with some other important works of their own. Plan: Next time round, I will focus on having a more fruitful discussion with the faculty as this experience has taught me a lot of things. Scenario 3 Describe: During my education days in the university, I had a friend who had this attitude of being critical on others and had the habit of interrupting others too during a conversation. According to him, his ideas and opinions were always good and scored high over others. Interpret: In whichever team he was drafted in, he contributed only negativity. His continuous critical comments and interruptions let down the moral of the team. He had such a bad influence on the teams he represented that no one used to share their views and opinions when he was around. It happened so that he was not informed of any team meetings. He never let anyone speak during meetings which irritated others. Evaluate: One cannot always be critical on others ideas and opinions. He was sarcastic and people do not like sarcasm as it is best done to humiliate others. Watch before you speak should be the mantra, as a little slip here and there can cause a lot of damage. Plan: This is another experience that has assisted me in understanding the proper ways and means of communication. It is always advisable to be open to all suggestions and ideas and I always try to follow this rule. Reference: Article 1: Collis, J. and Hussey, R., 2013.Business research: A practical guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students. Palgrave macmillan. Eisenberg, J., Lee, H.J., Brck, F., Brenner, B., Claes, M.T., Mironski, J. and Bell, R., 2013. Can business schools make students culturally competent? Effects of cross-cultural management courses on cultural intelligence.Academy of Management Learning Education,12(4), pp.603-621. Macnamara, J., 2013. Creating value through communication. International standards for measurement and evaluation linking communication to business and organisation outcomes. Sharp, M.R. and Brumberger, E.R. (2013) Business Communication Curricula Today: Revisiting the Top 50 Undergraduate Business Schools. Business Communication Quarterly. 76(1), 527. Article 2: Komatsu, H., Ohsawa, F. and Shimizu, S., International Business Machines Corporation, 2014.Simulation method, system and article of manufacture. U.S. Patent 8,670,967. Mets, K., Ojea, J.A. and Develder, C., 2014. Combining power and communication network simulation for cost-effective smart grid analysis.IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials,16(3), pp.1771-1796. Russ, T. and Drury-Grogan, M.L., 2013. Assessing the Impact of a Business Communication Simulation on Students' Self-Perceptions.Communication Quarterly,61(5), pp.584-595. Wilson, T.M., Lindsay, J.M., Dohaney, J. and Brogt, E., 2015. Training in crisis communication and volcanic eruption forecasting: design and evaluation of an authentic role-play simulation. Article 3: Bevan, D. and Kipka, C., 2012. Experiential learning and management education.Journal of Management Development,31(3), pp.193-197. Land, J., 2016. Dragons Den. Lesavre, L. (2012) Are theatre and business links relevant? A conceptual paper and a case study. SJournal of Management Development. 31(3), pp. 584-595. Martins, L.L., Rindova, V.P. and Greenbaum, B.E., 2015. Unlocking the hidden value of concepts: a cognitive approach to business model innovation.Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal,9(1), pp.99-117.Reflective Writing:

Business Economics Population Health Metrics

Question: Discuss about the Business Economics for Population Health Metrics. Answer: Introduction: One of the most fatal diseases that plagues mankind is cancer. Cancer involves the abnormal and uncontrolled multiplication of the cells which tends to spread and cause damage to the neighboring tissues. Australia has a high incidence of cancer due to prevalence of large smoking population. This population needs immediate treatment and operation. Even though the government is taking steps to enable higher operations for this vulnerable population but this cannot be attained without increasing the budget spending on the same (Hansen, 2013). However, the government faces the budgetary constraints and has limited resources which need to be allocated efficiently. The aim of this study is to discuss this issue from the economic perspective in particular applying the various demand and supply concepts to highlight the impact on the number of operations conducted in this regard. Also, the objective is to discuss the critical issue at hand and offer pragmatic solution which can be adopted by the government. Analysis While it is thought that price is the only factor impacting demand, in actuality there are a host of other factors that also impact demand such as changes in consumer preferences, income level and the substitute availability. However, there is no denying the price plays a key role in the determination of demand and tends to have a negative relationship with price. The product or service supply is also impacted by the underlying price and usually with higher prices, the supply increases as the suppliers profit typically rises (Mankiw, 2014). This theoretical framework would now be applied to the cancer operation as graphically shown below. The central objective as captured in the graph above is that in order to increase the overall supply of count of cancer operations for the suffering people, it is imperative to bring down the overall operation cost. However, this would typically require subsidization of the operations from the governments end and thus lowering the burden for the customers which would achieve the objective of more people being able to avail requisite medical care (Krugman Wells, 2013). However, considering the limited financial resources that the government has at hand and also the current status of the economy, it seems difficult for the government to bear further burden (Maxwell et. al, 2012). Going forward, the incidence of cancer amongst smokers would increase only and if the supply remains constant, then increased demand would cause the price to escalate as shown below. Hence, it is evident that in the future this problem would become graver and larger government resource allocation would be required so as to maintain the price at the same level as before (Lancet, 2015). Hence, it would be imperative for the government to bring about a fundamental alteration in the production possibility curve so that there is an increase in the cancer operation supply. PPF may be defined as the graphical representation of the various goods and services combination whose production may be done given the available resources. It plays a critical role with regards to defining the production combinations that are feasible and those which are not. The current situation demands that cancer operation be treated as one particular good and all other goods be combined together as the other good. The resultant PPF would be as shown below (Pindyck Rubinfeld, 2001). At the point E of the PPF, the production of goods except cancer operation is pegged at M with S being the production with regards to cancer operation. For enhancing the cancer operation supply within the given resources and efficiency level, the production choice would have to be shifted from E to E1. At this point, the supply of cancer operations has increased but at a decrease in the supply of other goods as indicated in the curve shown above, Thus, it is imperative that the from the various points on the PPF, the government should choose an optimum level by deploying the concept of opportunity cost. This would adequately reflect the priorities of the government (Nicholson Snyder, 2011). Hence, as the incidence of cancer enhances, the opportunity cost would also increase and thereby more resources would be allocated to the supply of cancer operations. However, a downside would be that production of other goods would be adversely impacted, hence it makes sense that the government spends on research and development so as to come up with drugs so as to reduce the demand for operation (Lancet, 2015). Further, technological breakthroughs should also be aimed with regards to cancer operations so as to bring down the overall cost and hence ensure better coverage without higher subsidy burden on the government (Maxwell et. al., 2014). Conclusion: Based on the above discussion, it may be concluded that resource allocation plays a critical role in the supply of certain services such as cancer. Since the demand is largely price inelastic, hence it is imperative to increase the supply through efficiency resource allocation in the present and to aim for better technology in the future which reduces the cost and makes the availability of cancer operation less costly so that the burden on the exchequer could be reduced. Reference List Hansen, J 2013, Forgotten cancers are killing Australians amid funding shortfalls, Daily Telegraph, Available online from https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/forgotten-cancers-are-killing-australians-amid-funding-shortfalls/story-fni0cx12-1226690798500 (Accessed on August 23, 3016) Krugman, P Wells, G 2013, Microeconomics, 3rd eds. Worth Publishers, London Lancet 2015, Worldwide shortfall in access to cancer surgery could cost big, Scimex Website, Available online from https://www.scimex.org/newsfeed/inadequate-access-to-cancer-surgery-could-result-in-us-$12-trillion-impact-by-2030 (Accessed on August 23, 2016) Mankiw, G 2014, Microeconomics, 6th eds., Worth Publishers, London Nicholson, W Snyder, C 2011, Fundamentals of Microeconomics, 11th eds., Cengage Learning, New York Maxwell, S, OLeary, P, Slevin, T Moorin, R 2014, The increase in cancer prevalence and hospital burden in Western Australia, 19922011, Population Health Metrics, Available online from https://pophealthmetrics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12963-014-0033-x (Accessed on August 23, 2016) Pindyck, R Rubinfeld, D 2001, Microeconomics, 5th eds., Prentice-Hall Publications, London